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Tudeh Party of Iran
The Tudeh Party of Iran ("Party of the Masses of Iran"; (ペルシア語:حزب توده ایران) ''Hezb-e Tudeh Iran'') is an Iranian communist party. Formed in 1941, with Soleiman Mohsen Eskandari as its head, it had considerable influence in its early years and played an important role during Mohammad Mosaddeq's campaign to nationalize the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company and his term as prime minister. The crackdown that followed the 1953 coup against Mosaddeq is said to have "destroyed" the party,〔Abrahamian, Ervand, ''A History of Modern Iran'', p.122〕〔Abrahamian, ''Tortured Confessions'', (1999), p.92〕 although it continued. The party still exists, but is much weaker as a result of the banning of the party and mass arrests by the Islamic Republic in 1982 and the executions of political prisoners in 1988.
==Definition==
The party has generally been described as "communist" by historians (for example: "The Tudeh Party was a classical pro-Soviet Union communist party, but wrapped itself at the time in nationalism to be more attractive to Iranians"〔(The Nationalist-Religious Movement | Part 1: Patriots and Mosaddeghists ) by MUHAMMAD SAHIMI Tehran Bureau in Los Angeles| 28 Jun 2011〕), but is sometimes described simply as "leftist" or even "left-leaning" by more sympathetic sources.〔''US Foreign Policy in Perspective : Clients, enemies and empire'' by David Sylvan and Stephen Majeski, Routledge, 2009, p.85〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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